Which of the following is a predictor of a student dropping out of school?

The correct answer highlights the significant impact that a lack of participation in school activities can have on a student's likelihood of dropping out. Engagement in school activities, whether academic or extracurricular, fosters a sense of belonging and connection to the school community. Students who are actively involved are more likely to develop relationships with peers and educators, which can enhance their motivation to stay in school. On the other hand, those who do not participate may feel isolated, leading to decreased commitment to their education and potentially increasing the risk of dropping out.

Conversely, excessive absences without a valid reason directly correlates to a higher risk of dropping out, but merely not participating in school activities is a broader indicator. High grades in academic subjects and strong family support are typically associated with positive student outcomes and are not predictors of dropping out; in fact, they are generally associated with greater persistence in educational endeavors. Therefore, while the involvement in activities is crucial for student retention, grades and family support play a protective role against dropout rates.