What type of data provides the most convincing evidence of program effectiveness?

Achievement-related data provides the most convincing evidence of program effectiveness because it directly measures the outcomes of the program in relation to specific goals and objectives. This type of data typically includes metrics such as test scores, grades, or other assessment results that indicate how well participants have learned and how effectively the program has facilitated this learning.

When analyzing program effectiveness, achievement-related data allows counselors and program evaluators to assess whether the intended skills and knowledge have been acquired as a result of the program. It is often quantifiable and can be compared over time or against benchmarks set at the program's outset. Strong performance on achievement-related assessments is compelling evidence that a program is achieving its aims and is beneficial for the participants involved.

In contrast, general surveys might provide subjective feedback that can be influenced by individual opinions and perceptions, lacking the objective measures needed to draw firm conclusions about effectiveness. Parental feedback, while valuable for gauging satisfaction and areas for improvement, is also subjective and does not quantify the educational impact as robustly as achievement data. Attendance records can indicate engagement or participation levels but do not directly measure learning outcomes or the effectiveness of the program in promoting knowledge or skills.