Down syndrome is characterized as what type of condition?

Down syndrome is primarily characterized as a condition of intellectual disability with accompanying physical disorders. This genetic disorder results from an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to various developmental and physical challenges. Individuals with Down syndrome often exhibit distinct physical features, such as a flatter facial profile, slanted eyes, and a single transverse palmar crease, along with varying levels of cognitive impairment.

The term "developmental disorder" may accurately apply to Down syndrome but does not encompass the comprehensive impact of the condition as well as the full range of varying intellectual abilities and physical characteristics. Intellectual disability is a key component of Down syndrome, making it more than just a developmental disorder. Being classified as an emotional disturbance is misleading, as it does not accurately reflect the medical and psychological aspects of the syndrome. Thus, understanding Down syndrome as a condition characterized by both intellectual disability and physical disorders provides a clearer perspective on the multifaceted nature of the syndrome and its effects on individuals' lives.